Legal Japanese Terms: An Extensive Guide89

Navigating the Japanese legal system as a foreigner can be challenging due to the unique legal terminology used. To help you understand and communicate effectively, here's a comprehensive guide to important Japanese legal words and their English translations:

1. Courts and Tribunals*

裁判所 (saibansho): Court*

最高裁判所 (saikō saibansho): Supreme Court*

高等裁判所 (kōtō saibansho): High Court*

地方裁判所 (chihō saibansho): District Court*

簡易裁判所 (kantan saibansho): Summary Court*

家事裁判所 (kajisaibansho): Family Court*

裁判官 (saibanhan): Judge

2. Legal Procedures*

訴訟 (soshō): Lawsuit*

訴状 (sojō): Complaint*

答弁書 (tōbensho): Answer*

判決 (hanketsu): Judgment*

控訴 (kōso): Appeal*

上告 (jōkō): Final appeal*

執行 (shikkō): Enforcement

3. Criminal Law*

犯罪 (hanzai): Crime*

被疑者 (higi-sha): Suspect*

被告人 (hikoku-nin): Defendant*

検察官 (kensatsukan): Public prosecutor*

弁護人 (bengonin): Attorney*

逮捕 (taiho): Arrest*

勾留 (kōryū): Detention

4. Civil Law*

民事事件 (minji jiken): Civil case*

原告 (genkoku): Plaintiff*

被告 (hikoku): Defendant*

請求 (seikyū): Demand*

契約 (keiyaku): Contract*

損害賠償 (songai baishō): Damages*

債権 (saiken): Credit

5. Administrative Law*

行政機関 (gyōsei kikan): Administrative agency*

行政処分 (gyōsei shobun): Administrative action*

不服申立て (fuku shintate): Administrative appeal*

取消訴訟 (kyosanshoshō): Administrative litigation*

執行停止 (shikkō teishi): Stay of execution

6. International Law*

国際法 (kokusai hō): International law*

条約 (jōyaku): Treaty*

外交官 (gaikō-kan): Diplomat*

国際裁判所 (kokusai saibansho): International Court*

外交特権 (gaikō tokken): Diplomatic immunity

7. Legal Documents*

免状 (menjō): License*

資格 (shikaku): Qualification*

証明書 (shōmeisho): Certificate*

公証書 (kōshōsho): Notarized document*

遺言書 (yuigonsho): Will

8. Legal Professions*

弁護士 (bengoshi): Attorney-at-law*

司法書士 (shihō shoshi): Judicial scrivener*

公証人 (kōshōnin): Notary public*

法務教官 (hōmu kyōkan): Paralegal*

法律事務員 (hōritsu jimuin): Legal assistant

By familiarizing yourself with these Japanese legal terms, you can effectively communicate and navigate the Japanese legal system. Whether you're a business professional, traveler, or individual seeking legal assistance, this guide will empower you to understand and engage in legal matters in Japan.

2024-12-31

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