Comprehensive Guide to Japanese Grammar Terms266

Japanese grammar, with its unique set of structures and rules, can be a daunting task for learners. To navigate this complex linguistic landscape, understanding the terminology is essential. This comprehensive dictionary provides a thorough overview of essential Japanese grammar terms, empowering you to decipher sentence structures, identify grammatical functions, and enhance your comprehension of the Japanese language.

基础词语 (Basic Terms)

文法 (Bunpō): Grammar
形 (Kei): Adjective
動 (Dō): Verb
名 (Mei): Noun
副 (Fuku): Adverb
助 (Jo): Particle
連 (Ren): Connector

句子结构 (Sentence Structure)

主語 (Shugo): Subject
述語 (Jutsugo): Predicate
目的語 (Mokutekigo): Object
補語 (Hogo): Complement
連用形 (Ren'yōkei): Verb or adjective in continuous form
連体形 (Rentaikei): Verb or adjective in attributive form
終止形 (Shūshikei): Verb or adjective in conclusive form

接続詞 (Conjunctions)

接続詞 (Setsuzokushi): Conjunction
接続助詞 (Setsuzokujoshi): Connective particle
そして (Soshite): And
しかし (Shikashi): But
なぜなら (Nazenara): Because

助詞 (Particles)

格助詞 (Kakujoshi): Case particle
は (Wa): Topic marker
が (Ga): Subject marker
を (O): Direct object marker
に (Ni): Indirect object marker
へ (E): Direction marker

動詞 (Verbs)

動詞 (Dōshi): Verb
自発形 (Jihōkei): Spontaneous form
他動形 (Tadōkei): Transitive form
受動形 (Jukōkei): Passive form
使役形 (Shiekikei): Causative form
可能形 (Kanōkei): Potential form

形容詞 (Adjectives)

形容詞 (Keiyōshi): Adjective
短形形容詞 (Tanki-keiyōshi): Short adjective
長形形容詞 (Chōki-keiyōshi): Long adjective
イ形容詞 (I-keiyōshi): i-adjective
ナ形容詞 (Na-keiyōshi): na-adjective

副詞 (Adverbs)

副詞 (Fukushi): Adverb
時間副詞 (Jikan-fukushi): Time adverb
様態副詞 (Yōtai-fukushi): Manner adverb
場所副詞 (Basho-fukushi): Place adverb
疑問副詞 (Gimon-fukushi): Interrogative adverb

疑問詞 (Interrogatives)

疑問詞 (Gimon-shi): Interrogative
誰 (Dare): Who
何 (Nani): What
どこ (Doko): Where
いつ (Itsu): When

句 (Phrases)

名詞句 (Meishiku): Noun phrase
形容詞句 (Keiyōshiku): Adjective phrase
副詞句 (Fukushiku): Adverb phrase
前置詞句 (Zenjishiku): Prepositional phrase
接続詞句 (Setsuzokushiku): Conjunctive phrase

文 (Sentences)

文 (Bun): Sentence
単純文 (Tanjunbun): Simple sentence
複文 (Fukubun): Complex sentence
単文 (Tanjunbun): Compound sentence
従属節 (Jūzokussetsu): Subordinate clause
独立節 (Dokuritsusetsu): Independent clause

その他の用語 (Other Terms)

擬音語 (Giongo): Onomatopoeia
擬態語 (Gitaigo): Mimetic word
慣用句 (Kan'yōku): Idiom
ことわざ (Kotowaza): Proverb
文法用語 (Bunpō-yōgo): Grammatical term

掌握日语语法

掌握日语语法是一段旅程，需要耐心和坚持。通过熟悉这些关键术语，您可以解开日语语言的奥秘，提高您的理解力，并以更大的自信与日语母语者进行交流。让我们开启一段语言探索之旅，深入了解日语的语法复杂性，并提升您的沟通能力。

2025-01-03

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