The Pronunciation of Koguryo Korean322

Koguryo Korean was the language spoken in the Koguryo kingdom, which existed in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula from the first century BC to the seventh century AD. Koguryo Korean is not directly attested, but it is believed to have been closely related to the other Koreanic languages, such as Silla Korean and Baekje Korean. The pronunciation of Koguryo Korean can be reconstructed based on the phonological systems of the other Koreanic languages, as well as on the transcriptions of Koguryo words in Chinese texts.

One of the most distinctive features of Koguryo Korean was its use of a three-way distinction between voiced, voiceless, and aspirated consonants. This distinction is not found in any other Koreanic language, and it is believed to have been a development that occurred in Koguryo Korean after it diverged from the other Koreanic languages.

Another distinctive feature of Koguryo Korean was its use of a four-way distinction between vowel phonemes. This distinction is not found in any other Koreanic language, and it is believed to have been a development that occurred in Koguryo Korean after it diverged from the other Koreanic languages.

The following table shows the reconstructed consonant phonemes of Koguryo Korean:| Manner of articulation | Voiced | Voiceless | Aspirated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stops | b, d, g | p, t, k | ph, th, kh |
| Fricatives | v, z | f, s | |
| Affricates | j | c | |
| Nasals | m, n, ŋ | | |
| Liquids | r, l | | |

The following table shows the reconstructed vowel phonemes of Koguryo Korean:| Height | Front | Central | Back |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i, y | | u |
| Mid | e, ø | | o |
| Low | a | | |

The pronunciation of Koguryo Korean can be reconstructed based on the phonological systems of the other Koreanic languages, as well as on the transcriptions of Koguryo words in Chinese texts. The following table shows some examples of the reconstructed pronunciation of Koguryo Korean words:| Koguryo Korean | Chinese transcription | Reconstructed pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| 가루 (garu) | 加婁 | kalow |
| 거루 (georu) | 居婁 | kəlow |
| 나루 (naru) | 納婁 | nalow |
| 다루 (daru) | 達婁 | talow |
| 마루 (maru) | 麻婁 | malow |

The pronunciation of Koguryo Korean is an important area of study for linguists who are interested in the history of the Korean language. The reconstruction of the Koguryo Korean phonological system provides insights into the development of the Korean language and its relationship to other languages in the Koreanic family.

2025-02-10

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