Japanese High School Textbook: Lesson 5 Vocabulary109

Introduction

In the fifth lesson of a Japanese high school textbook, students encounter a variety of essential vocabulary related to daily life, social interactions, and basic expressions. This comprehensive guide will provide detailed explanations, example sentences, and pronunciation tips for each word, fostering a strong foundation in Japanese language skills.

Greeting and Introductions

挨拶 (あいさつ) (Greeting): A polite way to say hello, often accompanied by a bow or handshake.

Example: こんにちは。 (Konnichiwa) - Hello. (afternoon/evening)

はじめまして (はじめまして) (Nice to meet you): Used during initial introductions.

Example: はじめまして。 Tanakaです。 (Hajimemashite. Tanaka desu.) - Nice to meet you. I'm Tanaka.

お名前は何ですか？ (おなまえはなんですか？) (What is your name?): A polite way to inquire about someone's name.

Example: お名前は何ですか？ (Onamae wa nan desu ka?) - What is your name?

Basic Expressions

はい (はい) (Yes): A simple affirmative response.

Example: はい、わかりました。 (Hai, wakarimashita.) - Yes, I understand.

いいえ (いいえ) (No): A simple negative response.

Example: いいえ、知りません。 (Iie, shirimasen.) - No, I don't know.

お願いします (おねがいします) (Please): A polite request.

Example: お願いします。 (Onegai shimasu.) - Please.

Daily Activities

学校 (がっこう) (School): The place where students receive education.

Example: 私は学校へ行きます。 (Watashi wa gakkou e ikimasu.) - I go to school.

先生 (せんせい) (Teacher): A person who imparts knowledge and guidance.

Example: 先生は日本語を教えてくれます。 (Sensei wa nihongo o oshiete kuremasu.) - The teacher teaches me Japanese.

部活 (ぶかつ) (Club activity): An extracurricular activity that students participate in after school.

Example: 私はテニス部に入っています。 (Watashi wa tenisu-bu ni haitte imasu.) - I'm in the tennis club.

Numbers and Time

一 (いち) (One): The first number.

Example: 私は一人っ子です。 (Watashi wa hitorikko desu.) - I'm an only child.

十 (じゅう) (Ten): The base number for multiples of ten.

Example: 私は二十歳です。 (Watashi wa nijusai desu.) - I'm twenty years old.

時 (じ) (Hour): A unit of time equivalent to sixty minutes.

Example: 今は何時ですか？ (Ima wa nanji desu ka?) - What time is it now?

Pronouns

私 (わたし) (I): The first person singular pronoun.

Example: 私は田中です。 (Watashi wa Tanaka desu.) - I'm Tanaka.

あなた (あなた) (You): The second person singular pronoun, used in casual situations.

Example: あなたは先生ですか？ (Anata wa sensei desu ka?) - Are you a teacher?

彼 (かれ) (He): The third person singular masculine pronoun.

Example: 彼は私の友達です。 (Kare wa watashi no tomodachi desu.) - He's my friend.

Conclusion

Mastering the vocabulary presented in Lesson 5 of a Japanese high school textbook is crucial for building a solid foundation in the language. By understanding these essential words and phrases, students can effectively engage in basic conversations, navigate daily life in Japanese-speaking environments, and continue their language learning journey with confidence.

2025-02-15

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